1288
塔伯利茲皇家地毯
產(chǎn)地：塔伯利茲（波斯西北部）
年代：約1940年
材質(zhì)：羊毛、真絲
尺寸：625×398 cm
出版： 《伊斯蘭東方手織工藝地毯》，第2頁，圖版3，SH.SAMEYEH PTE LTD，新加坡，1993年。
A ROYAL TABRIZ CARPET
Origin: Tabriz, North West Persia
Age: circa 1940?
Medium: Wool, Silk
Size : 625×398 cm
Illustrated: Islamic Art Hand Knotted Oriental Carpet, SH SAMEYEH PTE LTD, Singapore, 1993, p.2, pl.3.
RMB: 1,000,000－1,200,000
這張金碧輝煌的皇家地毯是伊朗國(guó)王巴列維特意為客人定制的。穆罕穆德?禮薩?巴列維（1919-1980），是伊朗巴列維王朝的第二代君主，也是伊朗國(guó)王時(shí)代的最后一位君王。早年在瑞士接受教育，1936年入德黑蘭軍官學(xué)校，畢業(yè)后任少尉銜皇家軍隊(duì)檢察官。1941年9月繼位（1967年10月加冕）。在位期間，強(qiáng)化君主專政，獨(dú)攬大權(quán)，先后更換了23名首相，力圖重振“大波斯帝國(guó)”。1979年1月在反國(guó)王運(yùn)動(dòng)的壓力下被迫出走，王朝被推翻，12月流亡巴拿馬。1980年7月27日卒于埃及開羅。
巴列維生前居住過的王宮有兩處最有名，分別是薩德阿巴德王宮和古列斯坦王宮。薩德阿巴德王宮占地410公頃，始建于凱加王朝，后為巴列維國(guó)王的夏宮，共有18處宮殿，包括國(guó)王、王后、王儲(chǔ)、親玉的宮殿等。古列斯坦王宮又稱玫瑰宮，堪稱伊朗建筑的精華，巴列維父子的加冕典禮就是在這里舉行的。宮內(nèi)陳設(shè)、裝飾十分豪華，沙發(fā)、桌椅、窗簾、吊燈均從法國(guó)、英國(guó)、捷克、印度等國(guó)進(jìn)口，其中不乏圖案精美、做工精細(xì)的手織波斯地毯。
這張輝煌壯麗的塔伯利茲地毯可以說是巴列維奢華宮廷生活的縮影，令人不禁想起乾隆王朝那些精工之至的藝術(shù)品。地毯邊緣環(huán)繞著巴列維王冠圖案，該王冠是1925年按薩珊王朝（226-651年）的王冠樣式制成的。1967年巴列維國(guó)王加冕時(shí)用過此王冠。王冠總重量為2080克，鑲有3380顆鉆石及各式寶石。
同時(shí)，這張地毯也體現(xiàn)了塔伯利茲特有的色彩特征和出色的空間設(shè)計(jì)。塔伯利茲，伊朗西北部阿塞拜疆省的首府，是波斯最早、最古老的地毯出產(chǎn)地，被譽(yù)為“波斯地毯之鄉(xiāng)”，同時(shí)也是享有盛譽(yù)的東方文化中心，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，吸引著大批藝術(shù)家和手工藝人。尤其在19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初期，塔伯利茲在波斯地毯編織史上占據(jù)了獨(dú)特地位，這里的編織者和設(shè)計(jì)師力主革新，從而對(duì)整個(gè)東方編織工藝產(chǎn)生了重要影響。從這張地毯絢麗的色彩、規(guī)整的裝飾手法、精細(xì)的打結(jié)工藝、優(yōu)質(zhì)的羊毛絲線可以得知，它無疑出自塔伯利茲著名的大師工坊。每一種元素都無比精密和優(yōu)雅。畫面正中繪制了伊斯法罕的四十圓柱宮殿，四個(gè)角落是波斯王朝的標(biāo)志性建筑，如伊朗最早列入世界遺產(chǎn)的古建筑群遺址——波斯波利斯，古波斯的政治文化中心——設(shè)拉子古城（Shiraz），伊拉克著名古城泰西封（Ctesiphon），以及伊朗科爾曼地區(qū)的拜姆古城堡遺跡（Bam Citadel）。編織者在暗綠色的區(qū)域織出了光彩壯麗的圖案，以豐富的色彩來表現(xiàn)錯(cuò)綜纏繞的花卉與棕櫚葉，具有輝煌高貴的視覺體驗(yàn)。
該毯非常適合鋪陳于客廳、餐廳或起居室。極具收藏價(jià)值。
Tabriz, capital of the north western Iranian province of Azerbaijan, has for centuries enjoyed a great reputation as a centre of Oriental culture. The vicissitudes of its history, its development from a naturally favoured oasis at the foot of the volcano Sahand, to today's commercial centre, and descriptions of its artists and craftsmen could fill many volumes. Here the author can only glance at those historical milestones which provide a rough outline of its cultural contribution to the Oriental carpet. The green colouring and powerfully uncluttered decorative approach, combined with the fine quality of the knotting and excellence of materials, are all indicative of an attribution to the famous master-workshop. From which originated many of the greatest Tabriz works. This historic north, west Persia city of Tabriz occupies a very special place in history of the weaving revival in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Tabriz weavers and designers were at the forefront of this new movement and their work influenced weavers all over the East. The splendid example has a very characteristic Tabriz palette and a wonderfully spaced design, each element of which is drawn with extraordinary precision and grace. A lovely old Tabriz with particularly pleasing color is an excellent item to be placed in dining and living room with underlay. Especially this example ordered by Mohamed Reza Shah Pahlavi for his gift to his guests to Iran. The unrivalled virtuosity of the greatest weavers of Tabriz in representational designs depicting landscapes and figures is brilliantly illustrated in this delightful and finely knotted carpet. The central medallion is filled with a picture of the 'Forty Column Palace' in Isfahan. At the four corners are also famous landmarks of Iran like the 'Persepolis' in Shiraz. The dark emerald field is woven with brilliant technical execution and splendour of design and colour which will rarely be encountered. The exceptional range of colours employed in the expression of the impressively intricate Eslimi designs of flowers and palmettos contribute to a high quality of visual elegance. The fantastic triumvate borders of The Pahlavi crown and Iranian National symbols that further enhances the brilliance of the field.
